US State Privacy Legislation Tracker

US State Privacy Laws Tracker

Updated as of 10/15/2024

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State Consumer Rights Business Obligations Introduced Signed Bill & Link Name Effective Date
California • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (sensitive data)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right against automated decision-making
• Private right of action (limited to certain violations only)
• Required age of opt-in default (16)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x CCPA California Consumer Privacy Act January 1, 2020
Colorado • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
•Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x SB 190 Colorado Privacy Act July 1, 2023
Connecticut • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x SB 6 Connecticut Data Privacy Act July 1, 2023
Delaware • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Required age of opt-in default (17)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x HB 154 Delaware Personal Data Privacy Act January 1, 2025
Indiana • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x SB 5 Indiana Consumer Data Protection Act January 1, 2026
Iowa • Right to access
• Right to delete
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x SF 262 Iowa Consumer Data Protection Act January 1, 2025
Kentucky • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x HB 15 Kentucky Consumer Data Protection Act January 1, 2026
Maryland • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x SB 541 Maryland Online Data Privacy Act October 1, 2025
Minnesota • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x HF 2309 Minnesota Consumer Data Privacy Act July 31, 2025
Montana • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x SB 384 Montana Consumer Data Privacy Act October 1, 2024
Nebraska • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x LB 1074 Nebraska Data Privacy Act January 1, 2025
New Hampshire • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x SB 255 January 1, 2025
New Jersey • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x SB 332 January 15, 2025
Oregon • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x SB 619 Oregon Consumer Privacy Act July 1, 2024
Rhode Island • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x H 7787 Rhode Island Data Transparency and Privacy Protection Act January 1, 2026
Tennessee • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x HB 1181 Tennessee Information Protection Act July 1, 2025
Texas • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x HB 4 Texas Data Privacy and Security Act July 1, 2024
Utah • Right to access
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x SB 227 Utah Consumer Privacy Act December 31, 2023
Virginia • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x x SB 1392 Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act January 1, 2023
Massachusetts • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Private right of action
• Required age of opt-in default (17)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x H 83 / S 25 / H 60 / S 227 / HD 3245 / S 2770 Massachusetts Data Privacy Protection Act, Massachusetts Information Privacy and Security Act, Internet Bill of Rights, Massachusetts Data Privacy Act
Michigan • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Private right of action
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x SB 659 Michigan Personal Data Privacy Act
Ohio • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x HB 345 Ohio Personal Privacy Act
Pennsylvania • Right to access
• Right to correct
• Right to delete
• Right to opt out of certain processing (for profiling/targeting purposes)
• Right to portability
• Right to opt out of sales
• Right to opt in for sensitive data processing
• Right against (certain) automated decision-making
• Required age of opt-in default (13)
• Notice/transparency requirement
• Risk assessments
• Prohibition on discrimination (exercising rights)
• Purpose/processing limitation
x HB 1947 / HB 1201 Pennsylvania Consumer Data Protection Act

Frequently Asked Questions

Individual states in the U.S. have their own privacy laws to address their residents’ specific privacy and data protection needs and concerns. With the absence of a comprehensive federal privacy law, states have taken it upon themselves to protect their citizens’ privacy rights, regulate data handling practices, and set standards for businesses operating within their jurisdiction. These laws help ensure that companies are transparent about their data practices and allow consumers to control how their personal information is used.
The United States currently does not have a comprehensive national data privacy law similar to the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Instead, the U.S. has a sectoral approach with different rules applying to specific sectors or types of data, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) for health information and the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) for financial information. In the absence of a national data privacy law, individual states, including California, Texas, Colorado, Florida, and several others, are passing their own data privacy laws to protect their citizens’ privacy.
While compliance specifics vary from state to state and law to law, generally any business that collects, stores, processes, or shares a citizen’s personal information may be required to comply with that state’s privacy laws, even if the business is incorporated elsewhere. In some states, some rules may only apply to larger firms or those dealing with a specific volume of data or several consumers.
The rights provided to citizens can vary significantly by state and law. Some common rights include the right to know what personal information a business collects about them, the right to request deletion of their data, the right to opt out of the sale of their personal information, and the right to non-discrimination for exercising their privacy rights. The specifics depend on the relevant state law.

The California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) both aim to protect personal data, but they differ in various ways:

    • Scope: The CCPA applies to businesses operating in California and collecting personal information of California residents, while the GDPR applies to all organizations working within the EU, or dealing with data of EU citizens, irrespective of their country location.
    • Rights: Both give individuals the right to access and delete their data, but the GDPR also includes rights like rectification (correcting inaccurate data) and objection (objecting to processing personal data), which the CCPA does not explicitly provide.
    • Enforcement: The GDPR has more vigorous enforcement and steeper penalties, with maximum fines of up to €20 million or 4% of annual global turnover, whichever is higher. CCPA’s penalties can reach up to $7,500 per intentional violation.
    • Consent: The GDPR requires citizens’ explicit and informed consent before collecting personal data, while the CCPA does not require upfront approval but does provide citizens the right to opt out of data sales, preventing organizations from selling a citizen’s personal data.

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